Automatically extracted index information

Foreign_words_and_phrases
Figure captions
Table captions
Quick Index

Foreign words and phrases

nb-NO: Norwegian: Norska

Dag Wiese Schartaum
- FRA law (FRA-lagen in Swedish)
Overvåking i en rettstat in the series Nordisk årbok i rettsinformatikk
- FRA law (FRA-lagen in Swedish)

sv-SE: Swedish: Svenska

bärbar
- Internet Trends
En anpassad försvarsunderrättelseverksamhet
- FRA law (FRA-lagen in Swedish)
exjobb
- Example of why autoconfiguration is so important
Försvarets radioanstalt
- FRA law (FRA-lagen in Swedish)
Internetstiftelsen i Sverige
- Country Code Top-Level Domains (CCTLDs)
komplettering
- Grades: A..F (ECTS grades)
Kursansvarig
- Staff Associated with the Course
mobil
- Internet Trends
Nätverk och kommunikation
- Prerequisites
Ringvägen
- Country Code Top-Level Domains (CCTLDs)
Signalspaning för polisiära ändamål
- FRA monitoring communications since 1930s
Telegrafstyrelsen
- FRA monitoring communications since 1930s

Figure captions

A one-input - two output multiplexor - when receiving inputs A and B on its input, then outputs them to two destinations
- Concept of Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
A two-input multiplexor - when receiving inputs A and B in the two inputs, then outputs them in some order via its output
- Concept of Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
Adapted from Forouzan Figure 13.21 page 368 and slide 15 of [2]
- SCTP Association Shutdown
Add a column and place it in the desired column position
- Wireshark: From an earlier version of the program -adding another column
Address slicing
- Address Slicing: Confidentiality used to inform routers of their next hop
Alice invites Bob to a SIP session
- SIP timeline
An initial view of Wireshark
- Wireshark, tcpdump, etc.
As can be seen in the plot there is a gap that occurs in the packet arrival times, it does not go up smoothly as one might expect.
- Export as pcap file; input to tcpdump
BGP Architecture
- Resulting BGP Architecture
Basic Ethernet + IP Architecture - based on Stevens, TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 2
- Basic Ethernet + IP Software Architecture
Basic Router Architecture (assuming a radio and an ethernet interface)
- Basic Router Software Architecture
Basic steps in Routing
- Routers do more than routing
Routing Control and Data Planes
Burst of
- IO Graph functionality (sending a new burst – 2014.03.24)
CDMA2000
- CDMA2000 Extension to Mobile IP
CU-SeeME centralized architecture
- Alternative centralized model
Case diagram of UDP group (W. R. Stevens, TCP/IP Illustrated, V.1, pg. 367)
- Case Diagram
Cellular IP
- Cellular IP (CIP)
Cellular IP location update
- Cellular IP (CIP): Location Update
Cellular IP-Handover
- Cellular IP (CIP): Handover
Cisco's NetFlow switching architecture
- Cisco’s NetFlow Switching
Cisco's Tag Switching
- Cisco’s Tag Switching
Clients using an X server to access one display
- X Window System
Count to infinity problem
- Count to Infinity
Data from (formerly available) https://www.isc.org/solutions/survey/history
- Growth in Internet hosts
Demultiplexing
- Demultiplexing
Demultiplexing based on port number
- UDP Header
Downward-demultiplexing
- Concept of Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
Downward-multiplexing
- Concept of Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
Encapsulation of data
- encapsulation
Escrowing a key
- Escrowing a key
Escrowing a key revisited
- Key Escrow - revisited
Ethernet encapsulation (see Stevens, Volume 1, Figure 2.1, pg. 23)
- Ethernet Encapsulation (RFC 894)
Example of a Firewall with NAT
- Network Address Translation (NAT)
Example of a Firewall with a DMZ
- Demilitarized zone (DMZ)
Example of stub AS, transit AS, and multihomed AS
- Local vs. Transit traffic
Example of the effect of fragmentation due to the datagram being larger than the MTU of the outgoing link
- MTU and Datagram Fragmentation
Filtering which takes place as you go up the TCP/IP stack
- Filtering up the protocol stack
Firewall and internet gateway
- Proxy access through a firewall
MBONE through firewalls
Firewalls
First step after opening a CSV formatted file
- Importing in to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet
Format of ARP request/reply packet
- ARP ≡ Address Resolution Protocol (RFC826)
Format of PPP frame
- PPP frames
Format of RARP request/reply packet
- RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RFC 903)
From Personal Area Networks (PANs) to Regional Area Networks (RANs) inspired by slide 5 of Carlos Cordeiro, Report on IEEE 802.22, IEEE J-SAC, and IEEE DySPAN 2007 tutorials, TCCN meeting at Globecom on November 27, 2006 (formerly available from http://www.eecs.ucf.edu/tccn/meetings/Report_06.ppt)
- From PANs to RANs and beyond
From www.dnsserverlist.org - 900 servers query times (2010.03.21)
- DNS performance
From www.dnsserverlist.org - top 100 servers query times (2010.03.21)
- DNS performance - top 100
Future home network
- Future home/office/… network accesspoints
Graphical plot of the congestion window (cwnd) as the connection goes from slow start to congestion avoidance behavior (figure from
- Slow start
Hierarchical FA and Regional Tunneling
- Hierarchical FA and Regional Tunneling
How do we know it is the same X?
- Mobile IP - Establishing Identity
Mobile IP - Identification
ICMP redirect
- ICMP Redirect
IEEE802.2/802.3 (see Stevens, Volume 1, figure 2.1, pg. 23)
- IEEE 802.2/802.3 Encapsulation (RFC 1042)
IGMP - adapted from the earlier figure (See “Demultiplexing”)
- How does IGMP fit into the protocol stack
IGMP packets as seen with Ethereal
- IGMP - ethereal
IP datagram carrying a UDP packet
- UDP Header
IP header (see
- Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) (RFC 791)-2
TCP Header
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) (RFC 791)
IPSec usage red = secure, black = unsecure
- Where can you run IPSec?
IPv4 and IPv6 performance 2015.04.19
- IPv4 versus IPv6 data rates
IPv4 and IPv6 performance on
- IPv4 versus IPv6 data rates
IPv6 routing example with multihoming and choice of provider
- IPv6 Routing
Information slicing
- Information Slicing: Anonymity Using Unreliable Overlays [Katti2007]
Information slicing vulnerability
- Information Slicing: Confidentiality vulnerability
Internet Service Provider (ISP), Network Access Point (NAP)
- The Internet Today
Lawful Intercept with Key Escrow
- Lawful Intercept with Key Escrow
MBONE Growth - Doubling time ~8 months
- MBONE growth
MBONE behaves as if there were a multicast server, but this functionality is distributed rather than centralized.
- IP Multicast scales well
MIKEY and SRTP
- MIKEY + SRTP
Mapping between host names, IP address, and MAC address
- Address Resolution: ARP, RARP
Mattias Ronquist, “TCP Reaction to Rapid Changes of the Link Characteristics due to Handover in a Mobile Environment”, MS Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teleinformatics, August 4, 1999, p.38. This figure appears with the permission of the author.
- Example of TCP behavior
Mobile-IP IPv4 scenario
- A Mobile-IP(V4) Scenario
Mobile-IP IPv6 scenario
- A Mobile-IP(V6) Scenario
Mobile-IP agent discovery
- Agent Discovery
Mobile-IP optimization problem
- Mobile IP Optimization Problem
Multicast routing via tunnels - the basis of MBONE (see Forouzan Figure 15.14 pg. 453)
- Multicast backbone (MBONE) [RFC 1112]
Multicast routing: packet replicated by the routers -- not the hosts
- Multicast routing
Multicast spanning tree
- Multicast Routing - Spanning Trees
Multiple network technologies -
- Internet Architecture
Multiple network technologies - internetworked together Mobility (WWAN, WLAN, PAN, …) driving us towards Mobile Internet
- Mobile IP - Internet Architecture
Multiple-streams
- SCTP Multiple-Streams
NFS client and NFS server (see
- NFS protocol, version 2 (RFC 1094)
Name and address needed?
- What to do with a new computer?
Network management process
- Network Management Process
Note that in this step if you are using the Swedish language version of Microsoft’s Excel - you need to indicate that the "." in the Time column, should be converted to a "," - otherwise you can not do arithmetic on these values (as they look like strings!!!)
- Wireshark: Final step
Note that it need not be a physical ring, but was often an FDDI switch (such as the DEC Gigaswitch/FDDI).
- Federal Internet eXchange (FIX)
Note that the entries in the table have to be sorted - to achieve the longest match being at the smallest index.
- Routing Table Search - Classless
Note those packets with high or very high delays
- Interarrival delay and variance
On a point-to-point link, there is no need for ARP
- non ARP example 1
Organization of a Web client-server (see
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Paths between senders and receivers
- RSVP operation
Patterns of segments being sent in one direction and ACKs sent in response
- Resulting bulk data flow
Physical and Link layer protocols used for LANs
- LAN Protocols
Ping another machine on the LAN
- Wireshark (formerly Ethereal)
Plot showing number of packets per second
- Wireshark’s IO Graph functionality
Processing of IP Datagrams
- Loopback interface
Processing of network packets via a Virtual Interface
- Virtual Interface (VIF)
Questioning assumption 1 global observer
- Questioning assumption #1
Questioning assumption 2 slice observer
- Questioning assumption #2
RSVP operation between host and router
- RSVP operation
RSVP protocol mechanism
- RSVP Protocol Mechanism
Regional Tunneling redirect the traffic to the MN's new location
- Hierarchical FA and Regional Tunneling
Regional Tunneling redirects the traffic to the MN's new location
- Hierarchical FA and Regional Tunneling
Router (R) doing a Proxy ARP to provide MAC address of B
- ARP example 2
SCTP Daytime example - output from Ethereal
- SCTP Example - Daytime [Jungmaier 2004]
SDN with untrusted controllers
- Using SDN: Untrusted controllers
SIP over TLS
- SIP over TLS
SIP trapezoid
- Voice Over IP - SIP Trapezoid
SLIP Encapsulation
- SLIP (RFC 1055)
SOCKS v5 operation
- SOCKs v5
See Forouzan Figure 12.12 page 291
- Flow for an rlogin session
TCP Connection teardown
See Forouzan Figure 12.9 page 286
- TCP Connection establishment
See Forouzan Figure 13.19 page 363
- SCTP Association establishment - 4-way handshake
Server and Network Bandwidth and latency
- Bottlenecks
Set your preferences for the User Interface
- Wireshark: Choosing what columns to display
Some statistics on the packet trace
- Some statistics on this packet trace
Summary of burst data
- Summary of burst
TFTP messages (see
- TFTP messaages
Taxonomy of Multicast Routing Protocols
- Delivery Trees: different methods
The UDP pseudo header in context
- UDP Checksum and Pseudo-Header
The bulk of the forwarding effort is
- Forwarding module
The resulting view
- Wireshark: capture view after configuring the new column
The routing table tells us which output port to use based on the destination (and possibly the source) IP address. The data plane has to run at packet rates (i.e., in real-time). However, a router also performs a lot of other processing.
- Routing: Control and Data Planes
Timeline of eight TCP connection for a home page and seven GIF images
- Multiple simultaneous connections to HTTP server
Tunneling IP Datagrams
- Tunneling IP Datagrams
Two alternatives to generate and dump packets
- Tools Used: sock + tcpdump
Two alternatives to get packets
- Tools Used: tcpdump Program
UDP datagram showing the 8-byte header
- UDP Header
Upward-demultiplexing
- Concept of Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
Upward-multiplexing
- Concept of Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
Usability of a voice circuit as a function of end-to-end delay
- VoIP Latency
Use spreadsheet operations over the values
- Example of what can be done in Excel
User Bandwidth and latency
- Bottlenecks
Using ARP on host C to determine MAC address of the interface on host B
- ARP example 1
Using Shamir secret sharing one can split the ley into N parts, such that any M of them are sufficient to recover the session key
- Key Escrow n strings such that any m can be used to regenerate the session master key
Using a Virtual Interface for Tunneling (IP in IP) (adapted from John Ioannidis’s thesis)
- Using VIF for tunneling
Vision-2, 2000 - high level of integration
- Near Future systems: Personal Portal
Vision-3, 2005-2015 - very high level of integration
- Future Systems
VoIP and data infrastructure
- Increasingly IP based data+voice infrastructure
VoIP architecture
- Voice over IP (VoIP)
VoIP gateway internals
- Voice Gateway
VoIP packet details
- VoIP details
When the indicated process is removed/dies, then the routine is no longer callable by
- NFSspy problem
Where am I? What am I? Who am I? Where am I going? When will I be there? What should I become? Who should I become?
- Situational awareness and Adaptability
Wireless IP Architecture
- Wireless IP Network Architecture
X disconnects from location A1 and reconnects at location A2
- Mobile IP - Mobility
X is moving from the cell a to the cell b
- Simulcasting in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
X moves from A1 to A2, Z not aware of Mobility
- Back to the original problem: Z wants to send a message to X
X moves from the cell a to the cell b
- What happens in the case of wireless networks?
X moves from the cell a to the cell b, but is still reachable by cell a!
- Wireless Local Area Networks
X moves from the cell a to the cell b, but may still reachable by cell a - but both cells are part of the same network
- Wireless WANs
X must send a redirect message to Z, to tell it its new address A2.
- Alternative 1
Z is communicating with X at A1 and wants to continue when X reconnects at location A2
- Communication from Z to X
Zoomed view of the frequency plot
- A closer look at the histogram
adapted from
- Group membership State Transitions
key escrow with XOR
- Key Escrow two strings that when XORd regenerate the session master key
linear,
- Visualizing these laws
mapping between host names and IP address(es)
- Mapping names to IP addresses
plot of frequency for tshark data
- tshark -r burst-of-1000-packets.pcap > output.txt
protocol layers in the TCP/IP protocol suite (see Stevens, Volume 1, Figure 1.4, pg. 6)
- Review of Layering
trusted SDN controller
- Using SDN with a Trusted controller
“Welcome (Greeting)” messages answered by “I am” messages
- How did X know to send the “I am” message to the MSR?
“Welcome (Greeting)” messages from router answered by “I am” messages
- Could the MSR functionality be collocated with the router?

Table captions

0xffffff00
- Subnet mask
0xffffffc0
- Subnet mask
CODE field
- Agent Advertisement Message Format
Decrease in total time to produce a response
- Multiple simultaneous connections to HTTP server
Definitions of Scope values
- IPv6 Multicast Addresses
Encapsulation of IGMP message in IP datagram
- IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol
Error codes and their descriptions
- SCTP ERROR chunk
FLAGS field bits
- Registration Message Format
Format of ICMP message for Echo request/reply
- PING: Packet InterNet Groper or sonar echo
From
- Transport Protocol Functional Overview
Internet Multicast Addresses
From RFC 4291
- Permanently assigned groups
HTTP 3-digit response code
- HTTP Response Codes
HTTP Header names
- HTTP Header fields
IGMP message format
- IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol
OSPF Common Header (see
- OSPF Packets
OSPF Database Description packet (see
- OSPF Database Description packet
OSPF Link State Advertisement general-header
- OSPF Link State Announcement (LSA) header
OSPF Link state acknowledgement packet
- OSPF Link state acknowledgement packet
OSPF Link state request packet
- OSPF Link state request packet
OSPF Link state update packet
- OSPF Link state update packet
OSPF Link state update packet (see
- OSPF Hello packet
Provide information specific to a particular routing protocol
- Protocol-Specific Multicast Routing MIBs
RIP message format
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP) version 1
RIPv2 message format
- RIP extensions (aka RIP-2)
Reserved Anycast IDs -
- IPv6 Anycast
Statistics for individual HTTP connections
- HTTP Statistics

- Y -

- Z -

Z
- Communication from Z to X
Zimbabwe
- Internet’s top level domains
zone
- DNS Zones
Zoom
- Getting a DiVA page - as seen by a browser
Zoom Meeting
- Welcome to the Internetworking course!
zoomed
zoomed histogram
- A closer look at the histogram
Zotero
- Zotero group for course
~16 TCP connections
- SLIP Problems⇒ CSLIP ≡ Compressed SLIP
~5 bits/second
- BGP operation
“Future of the Internet”
- Generations of technology versus generative technology